The scales more » of these three fish have received the most attention within the materials community. In this investigation the structure, composition and mechanical behavior of the LL were explored for three different fish, including the arapaima (Arapaima gigas), the tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and the carp (Cyprinus carpio). This coating serves as the first barrier to external threats and plays an important role in resisting puncture. Most efforts in this area have focused on the composite structure of the predominately organic elasmodine, and limited work addresses the highly mineralized external portion known as the Limiting Layer (LL). Country of Publication: United States Language: English Subject: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE Apatite Armor Collagen Fish scales Hardness Ionic substitution Limiting layer Nature Scale = ,įish scales serve as a flexible natural armor that have received increasing attention across the materials community. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States) Sponsoring Org.: USDOE National Science Foundation (NSF) National Institutes of Health (NIH) Colciencias of Colombia OSTI Identifier: 1416971 Alternate Identifier(s): OSTI ID: 1548975 Grant/Contract Number: ECC-1542101 AC05-76RL01830 0210-2013 Resource Type: Accepted Manuscript Journal Name: Acta Biomaterialia Additional Journal Information: Journal Volume: 67 Journal ID: ISSN 1742-7061 Publisher: Acta Materialia, Inc. Publication Date: Thu Dec 14 00:00: Research Org.: Pacific Northwest National Lab. School of Engineering, Production Engineering Dept. Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). of Materials Science and Engineering Univ. Finally, results from nanoindentation showed that the LL of tarpon scales is the hardest, followed by the carp and the arapaima more » and the differences in hardness are related to the apatite structure, possibly induced by the growth rate and environment of each fish. The calcium to phosphorus ratio and the mineral to collagen ratios of the LL are not equivalent among the three fish. Results show that there are significant differences in the surface morphology of the LL from posterior and anterior regions in the scales, and between the three fish species. Features of the LL were evaluated with respect to anatomical position to distinguish site-specific functional differences. The scales of these three fish have received the most attention within the materials community. Here in this investigation the structure, composition and mechanical behavior of the LL were explored for three different fish, including the arapaima (Arapaima gigas), the tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and the carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish scales serve as a flexible natural armor that have received increasing attention across the materials community.
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